Rapid Stress System Drives Chemical Transfer of Fear from Sender to Receiver

摘要: Humans can register another person’s fear not only with their eyes and ears, but also nose. Previous research has demonstrated that exposure to body odors from fearful individuals elicited implicit in others. The odor of appears have a distinctive signature be produced relatively rapidly, driven by physiological mechanism remained unexplored earlier research. apocrine sweat glands the armpit are responsible for chemosignal production contain receptors adrenalin. We therefore expected release adrenalin through activation rapid stress response system (i.e., sympathetic-adrenal medullary system) is what drives sweat, as opposed slower hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis). To test this assumption, was sampled while eight participants prepared speech. Participants had higher heart rates more fast condition, compared baseline slow condition. Importantly, condition induced receivers (N = 31) simulacrum state sender, evidenced emergence facial expression (facial electromyography) vigilant behavior faster classification emotional expressions).