Double-Blind, Randomized Trial of Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Supplementation in Formula Fed to Preterm Infants

摘要: Objective. We tested the hypothesis that balanced addition of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) to preterm formula during first weeks life would confer long-term neurodevelopmental advantage in a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial with and without preformed LCPUFA. Methods. The participants were 195 formula-fed infants (birth weight <1750 g, gestation <37 weeks) from 2 UK neonatal units 88 breast milk-fed infants. Main outcome measures Bayley Mental Developmental Index (MDI) Psychomotor (PDI) at 18 months Knobloch, Passamanick Sherrard's Screening Inventory 9 months' corrected age. Safety anthropometry months, tolerance, infection, necrotizing enterocolitis, death. Results. There no significant differences developmental scores between randomized groups, although who fed LCPUFA-supplemented showed nonsignificant 2.6-point (0.25 standard deviation) MDI PDI greater (nonsignificant) (MDI: 4.5 points; PDI: 5.8 points) below 30 weeks' gestation. shorter than control (difference length deviation score: 0.44; 95% confidence interval: 0.08-0.8). No other short- or safety outcomes observed. Breastfed had significantly higher both groups heavier longer but not Conclusions. With dose, duration, preparation LCPUFA used, efficacy was demonstrated, an later neurodevelopment cannot be excluded by global tests development up particularly surprising effect on growth beyond intervention period needs confirmed studies using similar supplementation strategies. Additional follow-up this cohort is critical age when more specific cognitive function are possible.