Plant phylogeny as a window on the evolution of hyperdiversity in the tropical rainforest biome

摘要: 'Summary' I. 'Introduction' II. 'A brief history of hypotheses' III. 'Age TRF biome and lineages' IV. 'Frequency immigration from other biomes' V. 'Speciation extinction' VI. 'Ecological limits' VII. 'Key methodological challenges' VIII. 'Perspectives' IX. 'Conclusions'   'Acknowledgements'   References Summary Tropical rainforest (TRF) is the most species-rich terrestrial on Earth, harbouring just under half world's plant species in c. 7% land surface. Phylogenetic trees provide important insights into mechanisms underpinning hyperdiversity that are complementary to those obtained fossil record. studies diversity have mainly focused whether this an evolutionary ‘cradle’ or ‘museum’, emphasizing speciation extinction rates. However, explanations, such as age, ecological limits, must also be considered. We present a conceptual framework for addressing drivers diversity, review tested them with phylogenetic data. Although surprisingly few number, these point old age TRF, low high rates credible hyperdiversity. There less evidence but cannot dismissed owing limited number studies. Rapid developments DNA sequencing, macroevolutionary analysis integration phylogenetics disciplines may improve our grasp future. advances critically dependent fundamental systematic research, yielding numerous, additional, well-sampled phylogenies lineages.