Prognostic significance of tumor immune microenvironment and immunotherapy: Novel insights and future perspectives in gastric cancer.

摘要: Despite a decrease in gastric cancer incidence, the development of novel biologic agents and combined therapeutic strategies, prognosis remains poor. Recently, introduction modern immunotherapy, especially using immune checkpoint inhibitors, led to an improved many cancers. The use immunotherapy was also associated with manageable adverse event profiles promising results treatment patients cancer, heavily pretreated patients. These data have accelerated approval some inhibitors this setting. Understanding complex relationship between host microenvironment tumor escape phenomenon leading occurrence progression will subsequently lead identification prognostic markers. Furthermore, understanding result discovery both new mechanisms for blocking immunosuppressive signals pathways stimulate local response by targeting modulating different subsets cells. Due molecular heterogeneity cancers clinico-biologic parameters, markers expression prognosis, algorithms should be personalized addressed selected tumors, which been proven elicit best clinical responses. Future perspectives include tailored dual immunotherapies or combination other targeted synergistic antitumor effects.