Darwinian selection and “altruism”

摘要: Models are proposed for evolution at a single locus affecting altruistic behavior in which genotypic fitnesses Darwinian and frequency (but not density) dependent. The composed, either multiplicative or an additive way, of factors depend on the receipt donation behavior. determined from matrices conditional probabilities describe genotypes relatives. Since selection occurs, these terms genotype frequencies. relationship between risk to helper benefit recipient allows altruism evolve is shown kinship coefficient helped, particular fitness function degree dominance altruism. commonly accepted criteria W. D. Hamilton [J. Theor. Biol. 7 (1964), 1–16, 17–52] apply only case. A second class models social cooperation independent its evolutionary dynamics discussed.