Reevaluation of Phosphate as a Means of Retarding Lead Transport from Sandy Firing Ranges
作者： Michael A. Butkus , Marie C. Johnson
DOI: 10.1080/15320383.2011.546444
关键词: Leaching (metallurgy) 、 Lead oxide 、 Particulates 、 Surface water 、 Environmental remediation 、 Pyromorphite 、 Phosphate 、 Sodium 、 Inorganic chemistry 、 Chemistry
摘要: Phosphate has become an accepted remediation strategy to immobilize lead on firing ranges. In some cases, however, phosphate treatment been reported increase concentrations in field water leaching tests. The present study evaluated the influence of (sodium phosphate, PO4(aq), or particulate hydroxyapatite, HA) and (lead nitrate, Pb(aq), oxide, PbO(s)) sources physical, chemical, relative transport properties their reaction products. Relative behavior product each four possible combinations was investigated with settling columns assessing potential surface sand ground transport. Pyromorphite (HYP) only formed when PO4(aq) Pb(aq) were combined. HYP under these conditions least mobile form examined this work. Although additional products combined PbO(s), was...
informaworld.com参考文章(35)
Steven K. Lower, Patricia A. Maurice, Samuel J. Traina, Simultaneous dissolution of hydroxylapatite and precipitation of hydroxypyromorphite: direct evidence of homogeneous nucleation Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. ,vol. 62, pp. 1773- 1780 ,(1998) , 10.1016/S0016-7037(98)00098-2
Akemi Yasukawa, Takashi Yokoyama, Kazuhiko Kandori, Tatsuo Ishikawa, Reaction of calcium hydroxyapatite with Cd2+ and Pb2+ ions Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects. ,vol. 299, pp. 203- 208 ,(2007) , 10.1016/J.COLSURFA.2006.11.042
Jerome O. Nriagu, Lead orthophosphates—IV Formation and stability in the environment Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. ,vol. 38, pp. 887- 898 ,(1974) , 10.1016/0016-7037(74)90062-3
Themistoklis A. Ioannidis, Anastasios I. Zouboulis, Hazardous industrial waste stabilization using inorganic phosphates: Investigation of possible mechanisms* Pure and Applied Chemistry. ,vol. 77, pp. 1737- 1752 ,(2005) , 10.1351/PAC200577101737
Steven K. Lower, Patricia A. Maurice, Samuel J. Traina, Ernest H. Carlson, Aqueous Pb sorption by hydroxylapatite; applications of atomic force microscopy to dissolution, nucleation, and growth studies American Mineralogist. ,vol. 83, pp. 147- 158 ,(1998) , 10.2138/AM-1998-1-215
Robert Stanforth, Chin-Foo Yap, Rajeev Nayar, Effects of Weathering on Treatment of Lead Contaminated Soils Journal of Environmental Engineering. ,vol. 131, pp. 38- 48 ,(2005) , 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2005)131:1(38)
Scott A. Bradford, Saeed Torkzaban, Sharon L. Walker, Coupling of physical and chemical mechanisms of colloid straining in saturated porous media. Water Research. ,vol. 41, pp. 3012- 3024 ,(2007) , 10.1016/J.WATRES.2007.03.030
Donald W Hardison Jr, Lena Q Ma, Thomas Luongo, Willie G Harris, None, Lead contamination in shooting range soils from abrasion of lead bullets and subsequent weathering. Science of The Total Environment. ,vol. 328, pp. 175- 183 ,(2004) , 10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2003.12.013
D. R. Lide, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics CRC PRESS. ,(1992)
Liuming Wu, Willis Forsling, Paul W Schindler, Surface complexation of calcium minerals in aqueous solution: 1. Surface protonation at fluorapatite—water interfaces Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. ,vol. 147, pp. 178- 185 ,(1991) , 10.1016/0021-9797(91)90145-X