An application of response surface methodology for optimizing coagulation process of raw industrial effluent using Cassia obtusifolia seed gum together with alum

摘要: Abstract Coagulation is effective, simple to operate, and widely used in treatment of industrial effluent. However, commonly inorganic coagulants pose detrimental effects on human health living organisms long run, generate large amount toxic sludge. Thus, this study investigated the optimized use Cassia obtusifolia alone or combination alum with lower dosages In study, raw pulp paper mill effluent (PPME) was as a model wastewater confirming potential C . seed gum plant-based coagulant aid together alum. Response surface methodology (RSM) enabled interactive between operating conditions, determine optimal conditions. The analysis variance results obtained present reflected significant quadratic models strong correlations conditions performance. addition, current findings suggested that coagulation mechanisms using were most likely based adsorption inter-particle bridging charge neutralization. Floc characterization also showed distinctive results, indicating presence active functional groups thermal stability floc formed Using RSM, 0.17 0.09 g/L alum, respectively required achieve maximum total suspended solids chemical oxygen demand removals (89.6 55.4%, respectively) under natural pH PPME slow-mixing time 3.40 min. By combining both coagulants, C. could be reduced up 90.5 62.5%, respectively. revealed complex dosage