Management of Respiratory Motion in Extracorporeal High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Treatment in Upper Abdominal Organs: Current Status and Perspectives

摘要: Extracorporeal high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is a minimally invasive therapy considered with increased interest for the ablation of small tumors in deeply located organs while sparing surrounding critical tissues. A multitude preclinical and clinical studies have showed feasibility method; however, concurrently they several obstacles, among which management respiratory motion abdominal at forefront. The aim this review to describe different methods that been proposed managing identify their advantages weaknesses. First, we specify characteristics liver, kidneys, pancreas problems it causes during HIFU planning, treatment, monitoring. Second, make an inventory approaches used overcome problem organ motion. Third, analyze respective benefits drawbacks remaining physical, technological, challenges. We thereby consider outlook compensation techniques those would be most suitable use, particularly under magnetic resonance thermometry