Use of Haptic Feedback to Train Correct Application of Force in Endodontic Surgery

摘要: With the minute margins of error in endodontic surgery, training manual dexterity and proper instrument handling are crucial components dental curriculum. Important parameters include tool path, angulation, force applied. In this work, we focus on correct application force. This is particularly challenging since amounts used order tenths Newtons, requiring a highly refined tactile sense incorrect can cause irreversible damage. Too great overdrilling or extreme cases perforation tooth. small thermal irritation possibly resulting tissue necrosis. Despite importance use force, dimension which students receive least tutorial feedback information typically not available traditional settings. paper, present an approach to using haptic as means convey formative Feedback conveyed student graphically amount apply trained haptically. The simulator rewound asked redo stage where occurred. Preliminary evaluation against control group who received only concerning outcome shows mechanism be effective.