Fruits, vegetables and lung cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis

摘要: BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is the most common cause of death. Fruits and vegetables containing carotenoids other antioxidants have been hypothesized to decrease lung risk. As part WCRF International Continuous Update Project, we conducted a systematic review meta-analysis prospective studies. METHODS: We searched PubMed several databases up December 2014 for meta-analyses comparing highest lowest intakes dose-response estimate summary relative risks (RRs) 95% confidence intervals (CIs), examine possible nonlinear associations. combined results from Pooling Project with studies identified increase statistical power our analysis. RESULTS: When intakes, RR estimates were 0.86(95% CI: 0.78-0.94; n(studies)=18) fruits vegetables, 0.92(95% 0.87-0.97; n=25) 0.82(95% 0.76-0.89; n=29) fruits. The association fruit vegetable intake was marginally significant in current smokers inverse but not former or never smokers. Significant associations observed each 100 g/day increase: (RR=0.96; CI= 0.94-0.98, I(2) =64%, n=14, N(cases)=9609), (RR=0.94; 0.89-0.98, =48%, n=20, N=12 563), (RR=0.92; 0.89-0.95, =57%, n=23, N=14506). Our consistent among different type vegetables. strength differed across locations. There evidence non-linear relationship (p<0.01) between risk showing that no further benefit obtained when increasing consumption above approximately 400 g per day. CONCLUSIONS: Eliminating tobacco smoking best strategy prevent cancer. Although residual confounding by cannot be ruled out, protective role aetiology.