Blood concentrations of carotenoids and retinol and lung cancer risk: an update of the WCRF-AICR systematic review of published prospective studies.

摘要: Carotenoids and retinol are considered biomarkers of fruits vegetables intake, much interest because their anti-inflammatory antioxidant properties; however, there is inconsistent evidence regarding protective effects against lung cancer. We conducted a meta-analysis prospective studies blood concentrations carotenoids retinol, cancer risk. identified relevant published up to December 2014 by searching the PubMed several other databases. calculated summary estimates risk for highest compared with lowest carotenoid dose-response meta-analyses using random models. used fractional polynomial models assess potential nonlinear relationships. Seventeen (18 publications) including 3603 cases 458,434 participants were included in meta-analysis. Blood α-carotene, β-carotene, total carotenoids, significantly inversely associated or mortality. The relative 0.66 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.55-0.80) per 5 μg/100 mL α-carotene (studies [n] = 5), 0.84 CI: 0.76-0.94) 20 μg/100 mL β-carotene (n = 9), 0.54-0.81) 100 μg/100 mL (n = 4), 0.81 0.73-0.90) 70 μg/100 mL (n = 8). In stratified analysis sex, significant inverse associations observed only men not women. Nonlinear β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, stronger at lower concentrations. There enough data conduct analyses smoking. conclusion, higher reduced Further never former smokers needed rule out confounding