Morphology and phase behavior of monolayers

摘要: Abstract The main morphological features of amphiphilic monolayers are surveyed. At present, Brewster angle microscopy (BAM) is the most informative method for such a study. Optical anisotropy resulting from tilting aliphatic chains accessible and an addition probe molecules can be avoided. condensed phase structures formed in two-phase coexistence region transition vary widely shape size depending sensitively on chemical structure amphiphiles external driving forces. inner two different types compact domains having long-range orientational order or lower considered. seven-fold circular molecular orientation separated by sharp boundaries related to lattice structure. In contrast, textures characterized wide spread segment number, continuous changes bowing understood manner analogous star structural defect thin liquid crystal films. Examples highly ramified dendritic patterns evolved sufficiently far equilibrium presented. They relax frozen non-equilibrium state at high crystallinity. Cellular fluid low density temperature gradient considered dissipative structures. According categories interaction between enantiomeric species, representative examples chiral discrimination effects demonstrated.