High levels of molybdenum in Qatar's groundwater and potential impacts

摘要: Abstract Similar to other arid nations, Qatar's aquifers are highly susceptible contamination due overexploitation and rapid industrialization creating conditions of vulnerability for local environments populations. This study quantified physicochemical properties, cations, anions, organic carbon trace element content in 205 samples groundwater. Elevated Mo (mean = 26.9 μg/L; max = 103 μg/L) was observed throughout Qatar, along with localized clusters elevated Cd (max = 8.67 μg/L), As (71.6 μg/L), Pb (37.1 μg/L) Se (80.1 μg/L) indicating spatial distribution these contaminants. Groundwater brackish saline (25th–75th percentile TDS = 2140–4660 mg/L); SAR (mean = 10.1) EC (mean = 7250 μS/cm) values indicate continued use groundwater irrigation may compromise soil structure crop yield. Limited global emphasis is placed on groundwater; however, regions the world exhibit Mo, including Qatar. Compared studies parts world, our serves emphasize that levels be a phenomenon calls further address potential health risks exposure.