The Dispersion of Customs Tariffs in France between 1850 and 1913: Discrimination in Trade Policy

摘要: Abstract The principle of tariffs dispersion, or differential depending on country origin, is well known. For instance, Canada adapted a double column after 1846, Spain in 1877, and Switzerland the 1880–1890s. But there has never before been comprehensive measure for any national economy, to our knowledge. This contribution proposes an original exhaustive customs dispersion origin imported products France between 1850 1913. Part this arises indirectly as result compiling nomenclature – schedule categories France’s general trade chart. Our study nevertheless reveals existence direct discriminatory practices applied certain countries products. The creation yields important insights. First, tariff dispersion’s evolution completes analysis chronology policy. Second, it possible link discrimination, imports particular sectors, production. In opinion, paper should pave way work that reintroduces country-specific dimension into late 19th century commercial