Protected areas for seabirds in German offshore waters: Designation, retrospective consideration and current perspectives
作者： Stefan Garthe , Nele Markones , Bettina Mendel , Nicole Sonntag , Jochen C. Krause
DOI: 10.1016/J.BIOCON.2011.12.002
关键词: Fishery 、 Abundance (ecology) 、 Distribution (economics) 、 Marine protected area 、 Environmental protection 、 Exclusive economic zone 、 European union 、 Geography 、 Birds Directive 、 Transect 、 Seabird
摘要: Abstract Here, we discuss the scientific rationale behind identification and selection of marine protected areas (MPAs) for birds in German Exclusive Economic Zones North Sea Baltic Sea, based on European Union (EU) Birds Directive. Seabird distributions were determined using internationally standardised transect counts from ships aircraft. Their analysed geostatistical interpolation methods to derive concentration each species. Two Special Protection Areas (SPAs) proposed all These subsequently evaluated by relevant nature conservation authorities finally designated Federal Environmental Ministry. Long-term data seabird abundance distribution collected during after SPA designation process revealed same major as preceding years, indicating that overall observed patterns stable reproducible, despite small-scale spatial inter-annual variations. The concepts provided EU Directive thus appear be suitable appropriate MPAs offshore waters. However, adequate management tools birds, e.g. regulation fisheries shipping, still remain developed implemented.
geomar.de
elsevier.com
sci-hub.se 参考文章(25)
Jochen C. Krause, Dieter Boedeker, Ina Backhausen, Kathrin Heinicke, Annette Groß, Henning von Nordheim, Rationale behind site selection for the NATURA 2000 network in the German EEZ Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. pp. 65- 96 ,(2006) , 10.1007/3-540-33291-X_5
Detlef Czybulka, Thomas Bosecke, Marine Protected Areas in the EEZ in light of international and European Community law — Legal basis and aspects of implementation Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. pp. 27- 46 ,(2006) , 10.1007/3-540-33291-X_3
Simon N. Wood, Generalized Additive Models: An Introduction with R, Second Edition ,(2017)
E. D. Clarke, L. B. Spear, M. L. Mccracken, F. F. C. Marques, D. L. Borchers, S. T. Buckland, D. G. Ainley, Validating the use of generalized additive models and at-sea surveys to estimate size and temporal trends of seabird populations Journal of Applied Ecology. ,vol. 40, pp. 278- 292 ,(2003) , 10.1046/J.1365-2664.2003.00802.X
Robert W. Furness, Impacts of fisheries on seabird communities Scientia Marina. ,vol. 67, pp. 33- 45 ,(2003) , 10.3989/SCIMAR.2003.67S233
Henri Weimerskirch, Are seabirds foraging for unpredictable resources Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies in Oceanography. ,vol. 54, pp. 211- 223 ,(2007) , 10.1016/J.DSR2.2006.11.013
Klaus Strübing, The ice winter of 1996/97 on the German coasts between ems and oder with a survey of the entire Baltic Area Deutsche Hydrographische Zeitschrift. ,vol. 48, pp. 185- 195 ,(1996) , 10.1007/BF02763958
VH Paiva, J Xavier, P Geraldes, I Ramirez, S Garthe, JA Ramos, Foraging ecology of Cory’s shearwaters in different oceanic environments of the North Atlantic Marine Ecology Progress Series. ,vol. 410, pp. 257- 268 ,(2010) , 10.3354/MEPS08617
P. K. Kitanidis, Introduction to Geostatistics: Applications in Hydrogeology Cambridge University Press. ,(1997) , 10.1017/CBO9780511626166
S Garthe, N Markones, O Hüppop, S Adler, Effects of hydrographic and meteorological factors on seasonal seabird abundance in the southern North Sea Marine Ecology Progress Series. ,vol. 391, pp. 243- 255 ,(2009) , 10.3354/MEPS08170