Potential for North American Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) to Transmit Rift Valley Fever Virus

摘要: To determine which arthropods should be targeted for control Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) detected in North America, we evaluated Culex erraticus (Dyar and Knab), erythrothorax Dyar, nigripalpus Theobald, pipiens L., quinquefasciatus Say, tarsalis Coquillett, Aedes dorsalis (Wiedemann), vexans (Meigen), Anopheles quadrimaculatus Culicoides sonorensis Wirth Jones from the western, midwestern, southern United States their ability to transmit RVFV. Female mosquitoes were allowed feed on adult hamsters inoculated with RVFV, after engorged incubated 7-21 d at 260C, then refeed susceptible hamsters, tested infection, dissemination, transmission rates. Other specimens intrathoracically, held 7 d, a hamster check salivary gland barrier. When exposed viremias > or =10(8.8) plaque-forming units/ml blood, Cx. transmitted RVFV efficiently (infection rate = 93%, dissemination 56%, estimated 52%). In contrast, when same dose, none of other species efficiently. Estimated rates erythrothorax, pipiens, erraticus, Ae. 10, 8, 4, 2%, respectively, remaining < 1%. With exception all had moderate major barriers. None C. became infected An. by bite, even intrathoracic inoculation, indicating that these would not competent vectors Although Florida Louisiana relatively efficient this captured Colorado California virtually incompetent, illustrating need evaluate local population pathogen. addition laboratory vector competence, factors such as seasonal density, host feeding preference, longevity, foraging behavior considered determining potential role could play transmission.