Probiotics in the intensive care unit.

摘要: Probiotics are living microorganisms that, when ingested in adequate amounts, provide benefits to the host. The include either a shortened duration of infections or decreased susceptibility pathogens. Proposed mechanisms beneficial effects improving gastrointestinal barrier function, modification gut flora by inducing host cell antimicrobial peptides and/or local release probiotic factors, competition for epithelial adherence, and immunomodulation. With increasing intensive care unit (ICU) antibacterial resistance rates fewer new antibiotics research pipeline, focus has been shifted non-antibiotic approaches prevention treatment nosocomial infections. offer promise ICU patients antibiotic-associated diarrhea, Clostridium difficile infections, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, ventilator-associated pneumonia. Our current understanding probiotics is confounded inconsistency strains studied, optimal dosages, study durations, suboptimal sample sizes. Although generally safe critically ill, adverse event monitoring must be rigorous these vulnerable patients. Delineation clinical differences various effective strains, their action, dosing regimens will better establish role disorders. However, likely hindered future given recent ruling U.S. Food Drug Administration.