Chemistry of the Bile Acids

摘要: Investigations into the nature of compounds present in bile date back to first decade nineteenth century (l, 2) and possibly earlier. The early investigators (1-3) found that by treating with lead acetate they could separate two distinct substances, which designated “bile resin” “picromel.” Berzelius (2, 4, 5) obtained similar fractions, he identified as “choleic acid” “bilin.” Demarcay (6) was recognize uniformity solid matter bile. presence nitrogen sulfur noted several workers but were probably thought be integral parts isolated acids. treatment alkali yielded a nitrogen-free acid, called “cholic” since Gmelin (3) had applied this name what we now know glycocholic changed “cholinic” acid. acid reapplied material toward end century. isolation biliary acids achieved putrefaction (4, 7), until introduction specific hydrolytic enzyme Nair (8, 9), usual method for obtaining treatment. This type prompted Strecker (10) coin term “cholalic” indicate compound from cholic (of Gmelin) alkali. preparation crystalline Platner (11, 12) addition ether an alcoholic solution dried