Physical Chemistry: Principles and Applications in Biological Sciences

摘要: (NOTE: Most chapters begin with Concepts and Applications end Summary, References, Suggested Readings Problems.) Preface. About the Authors. 1. Introduction. The Human Genome Beyond. Transcription Translation. Ion Channels. 2. First Law: Energy Is Conserved. Conversion Conservation. Describing State of a System. Phase Changes. Chemical Reactions. Molecular Interpretations Enthalpy. Mathematics Needed for Chapter 3. Second Entropy Universe Increases. Historical Development Carnot Cycle. A New Function, Entropy. Law Thermodynamics: Not Interpretation Measurement Third Thermodynamics. Gibbs Free Energy. Helmholtz Noncovalent Use Partial Derivatives in 4. Equilibria. Potential (Partial Molar Energy). Reactions Gases: Ideal Gas Approximation. Nonideal Systems. Equilibrium Constant Standard Energies Reactants Products. Galvanic Cells. Biochemical 5. Physical Membranes. Active Passive Transport. Colligative Properties. Molecular-Weight Determination. Internet. 6. Motion Transport Kinetic Theory. Collisions. Mean Path. Diffusion. Sedimentation. Determination Weights from Sedimentation Viscosity. Electrophoresis. Size Shape Macromolecules. 7. Kinetics: Rates Kinetics. Reaction Mechanisms Rate Laws. Temperature Dependence. Transition-State Electron Transfer Reactions: Marcus Ionic Salt Effects. Isotopes Stereochemical Very Fast Diffusion-Controlled Photochemistry Photobiology. Photosynthesis. 8. Enzyme Michaelis-Menten Competition Inhibition. 9. Structures Interactions: Process Vision. Origins Quantum Mechanical Calculations. Schrodinger's Equation. Particle Box. Tunneling. Simple Harmonic Oscillator. Rigid Rotator. Hydrogen Atom. Distribution. Structure Orbitals. Intermolecular Intramolecular Forces. Interactions. Dynamics Simulation. Outlook. Some Useful Operators. 10. Spectroscopy. Electromagnetic Spectrum. Color Refractive Index. Absorption Emission Radiation. Proteins Nucleic Acids: Ultraviolet Spectra. Fluorescence. Optical Rotatory Dispersion Circular Dichroism. Dichroism Acids Proteins. Vibrational Spectra, Infrared Absorption, Raman Scattering. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. Interactions 11. Distributions Statistical Binding Small Molecules by Polymer. Random Walk. Helix-Coil Transitions. 12. Macromolecular X-Ray Diffraction. Visible Images. X Rays. Structure. Neutron Microscopy. Appendix. Answers.