Postmenopausal status and early menopause as independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysis.

摘要: OBJECTIVE: Loss of ovarian function and subsequent deficiency endogenous estrogens is suggested to enhance cardiovascular disease risk related death after menopause. The aim was obtain valid estimates the associated with postmenopausal status early menopause. DESIGN: A literature search observational studies performed using PubMed EMBASE (1966 May 1, 2004). Eighteen on age at menopause in relation were selected. Six investigated menopausal status, nine age, three studied both. General variance-based methods used pool relative corresponding 95% confidence intervals. Stratification for study design, type menopause, outcome, adjustment smoking. RESULTS: pooled estimate versus premenopausal 1.36 (95% CI, 1.15-1.60). In stratified analysis, effect 0.96 0.77-1.21) controlling smoking. bilateral oophorectomy 2.62 2.05-3.35). For disease, category containing 50 years as a reference, 1.25 1.15-1.35). 1.38 1.21-1.58) 4.55 2.56-8.01). CONCLUSIONS: Overall, there no convincing relationship between disease. However, modest more pronounced women an artificial than natural