Comparative Effects of Pollen and Seed Migration on the Cytonuclear Structure of Plant Populations. I. Maternal Cytoplasmic Inheritance

摘要: We explicitly solve and analyze a series of deterministic continent-island models to delimit the effects pollen seed migration on cytonuclear frequencies disequilibria in random-mating, mixed-mating self-fertilized populations. Given critical assumption maternal cytoplasmic inheritance, five major findings are (i) nonzero will be maintained island population if only at least some occurs each generation through seeds with nonrandom associations; (ii) immigrant no can strongly affect genetic structure by generating significant long-lasting transient (iii) all else being equal, substantially greater admixture generally found higher rates into, or levels self-fertilization within, (with possible exception heterozygote disequilibrium); (iv) either enhance reduce caused migration, that due absence but effect is usually small appears primarily make noticeable difference predominantly outcrossing populations; (v) alone cannot generate even de novo populations completely random associations. This same basic behavior exhibited as long there population. Self-fertilized represent special case, however, they necessarily closed migration. All these general results hold whether censused adults seeds, ability detect associations depend life stage level outcrossing. suggest how might used for estimation