Active Management of Protected Areas Enhances Metapopulation Expansion Under Climate Change

摘要: There is a need to adapt biodiversity conservation climate change, but few empirical studies are available guide decision-making. Existing networks of protected areas (PAs) have been preferentially colonized during species’ range expansions, this could be due their original habitat quality and/or ongoing management activity. Here, we examine how PA status and active influenced the expansion butterfly Hesperia comma through fragmented landscapes. PAs under were over three times more likely than unprotected, unmanaged sites same basic vegetation type. Conservation action also increased survival rate existing populations inside outside PAs. We conclude that facilitate expansions by preventing degradation encouraging improves quality, interventions on nondesignated role play in adapting change.