C4 photosynthesis evolved in warm climates but promoted migration to cooler ones.

摘要: C4 photosynthesis is considered an adaptation to warm climates, where its functional benefits are greatest and plants achieve their highest diversity dominance. However, whether inherent physiological barriers impede the persistence of species in cool environments remains debated. Here, we use large grass phylogenetic geographical distribution data sets test (1) temperature influences rate origins, (2) photosynthetic types affect migration among climatic zones, (3) evolution changes breadth niche. Our analyses show that grasses originated tropical C3 were more likely colonise cold climates. rates temperate climates higher grasses. Therefore, while origins concentrated across a broad range expanded niche into warmer enabled diversification cooler environments.