Wolf-caribou dynamics within the central Canadian Arctic

摘要: The severity of recent declines barren-ground caribou (Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus) across the central Canadian Arctic has led to harvest restrictions and concerns about population recovery. Wolves (Canis lupus) are main predator caribou; however, extent that wolves influence decline recovery herds is unknown. Such uncertainty confounds management responses (e.g., reducing harvest, control). We investigated wolf–caribou dynamics on summer range in Northwest Territories Nunavut, Canada (i.e., Bathurst herd). Our primary objective was test for a numerical response changes abundance spatial distribution caribou. Caribou experienced >90% over study period (1996–2014). Using long-term data sets (1996–2012), we developed regression models investigate relationships between indices range-use patterns monitored movements adult female fitted with global positioning system (GPS) collars representing individual packs throughout 2013 2014 denning periods. also pup recruitment, an index decline, at time low abundance. Finally, series stochastic understand how recruitment influenced wolf densities decline. As decreased, late-summer herd contracted toward calving ground. These correlated rates high den abandonment, suggesting regulatory mechanism whereby reproductive success limited by availability within areas. Furthermore, these suggested response, where decreased as numbers declined. In 2014, density estimated <4 wolves/1,000 km2. results suggest exhibited relatively strong single, declining prey base. Given continued herd, tundra likely declined below our estimate. © 2016 Wildlife Society.