Editorial: ulcerative colitis submucosal fibrosis and inflammation: more than just strictures.

Giovanni Latella, Gerhard Rogler, Giorgos Bamias, Christine Breynaert, Jon Florholmen, Gianluca Pellino, Shimon Reif, Silvia Speca, Ian C. Lawrance, Results of the 4th scientific workshop of the ECCO (I): Pathophysiology of intestinal fibrosis in IBD Journal of Crohn's and Colitis. ,vol. 8, pp. 1147- 1165 ,(2014) , 10.1016/J.CROHNS.2014.03.008

Claudio Fiocchi, P. Kay Lund, Themes in fibrosis and gastrointestinal inflammation American Journal of Physiology-gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology. ,vol. 300, ,(2011) , 10.1152/AJPGI.00104.2011

G Latella, A Vetuschi, S Speca, R Sferra, E Gaudio, Can we prevent, reduce or reverse intestinal fibrosis in IBD? European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences. ,vol. 17, pp. 1283- 1304 ,(2013)

F Rieder, J Brenmoehl, S Leeb, J Scholmerich, G Rogler, Wound healing and fibrosis in intestinal disease Gut. ,vol. 56, pp. 130- 139 ,(2007) , 10.1136/GUT.2006.090456

Jessica R. de Bruyn, Sybren L. Meijer, Manon E. Wildenberg, Willem A. Bemelman, Gijs R. van den Brink, Geert R. D’Haens, Development of Fibrosis in Acute and Longstanding Ulcerative Colitis. Journal of Crohns & Colitis. ,vol. 9, pp. 966- 972 ,(2015) , 10.1093/ECCO-JCC/JJV133

Ilyssa O. Gordon, Neha Agrawal, John R. Goldblum, Claudio Fiocchi, Florian Rieder, Fibrosis in ulcerative colitis: mechanisms, features, and consequences of a neglected problem. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. ,vol. 20, pp. 2198- 2206 ,(2014) , 10.1097/MIB.0000000000000080

Chiara Ippolito, Rocchina Colucci, Cristina Segnani, Mariella Errede, Francesco Girolamo, Daniela Virgintino, Amelio Dolfi, Erika Tirotta, Piero Buccianti, Giulio Di Candio, Daniela Campani, Maura Castagna, Gabrio Bassotti, Vincenzo Villanacci, Corrado Blandizzi, Nunzia Bernardini, Fibrotic and Vascular Remodelling of Colonic Wall in Patients with Active Ulcerative Colitis Journal of Crohns & Colitis. ,vol. 10, pp. 1194- 1204 ,(2016) , 10.1093/ECCO-JCC/JJW076

S. J. M. Goulston, V. J. McGovern, The Nature of Benign Strictures in Ulcerative Colitis New England Journal of Medicine. ,vol. 281, pp. 290- 295 ,(1969) , 10.1056/NEJM196908072810603

Brisas M. Flores, Anthony O’Connor, Alan C. Moss, Impact of mucosal inflammation on risk of colorectal neoplasia in patients with ulcerative colitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. ,vol. 86, pp. 1006- ,(2017) , 10.1016/J.GIE.2017.07.028

I. O. Gordon, N. Agrawal, E. Willis, J. R. Goldblum, R. Lopez, D. Allende, X. Liu, D. Y. Patil, L. Yerian, F. El-Khider, C. Fiocchi, F. Rieder, Fibrosis in ulcerative colitis is directly linked to severity and chronicity of mucosal inflammation Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics. ,vol. 47, pp. 922- 939 ,(2018) , 10.1111/APT.14526