A Review of Integrated Pollution Control Efforts in Selected Countries

摘要: This report describes the reasons why integrated pollution control (IPC) became accepted as a necessary part of environmental regulatory systems Netherlands, United Kingdom, and Sweden examines experience these countries have had with unified statutes, alternative compliance approaches, cross-media permitting, other aspects IPC that are under consideration in this country. The is organized into five chapters. In first chapter we provide brief overview intellectual pedigree discuss arguments been put forward by advocates well counter-arguments those who taken more skeptical view technical political feasibility implementing measures. Chapter two details how long considered dirty man Europe, developing an system industrial based on its 1990 Environmental Protection Act. Act introduced new controls to limit prevent from wide range industries has created inspectorate ensure best practical option (BPEO) for all media achieved. We consider both progress UK Agency made barriers it encountered. three, examine Dutch Ministry (VROM) was able forge consensus among diverse groups need embrace innovative, policies then detail efforts, notably their covenant system. long-standing success Sweden’s permitting analyzed 4 fifth final development implications European Union’s recently adopted Directive Integrated Pollution Prevention Control, document which likely profound influence management Europe elsewhere.