Monitoring and Management of Increased Intracranial Pressure

摘要: Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the monitoring and management of increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Intraventricular allows wave form analysis evaluation volume–pressure response or volume index following rapid injections small volumes saline into ventricular cavity. The ICP to such physical factors as head positioning, nursing care procedures, noxious stimuli, ventilator adjustments, manual hyperventilation, drainage can be adequately assessed from digital readout instantaneous ICP. Pharmacologic interventions, administration sedatives, neuromuscular relaxants, osmotherapeutic agents, have, in contrast, a more prolonged effect on ICP, lasting anywhere 30 min several hours. Invasive should always considered thee acute disorders with known potential for development hypertension. Clinical evidence impending herniation, documentation either massive brain swelling obstruction CT scan, justify invasive during treatment bacterial fungal meningitis viral encephalitis.