The pace of life under artificial selection: personality, energy expenditure, and longevity are correlated in domestic dogs.

摘要: The domestic dog has undergone extensive artificial se- lection resulting in an extreme diversity body size, personality, life-history, and metabolic traits among breeds. Here we tested whether proactive personalities (high levels of activity, boldness, aggression) are related to a fast "pace life" rates growth, mortality, energy expenditure). Data from the literature provide preliminary evidence that selection on dogs (through do- mestication) generated variations personality cor- with life histories metabolism. We found obedient (or docile, shy) breeds live longer than disobedient bold) ones aggressive have higher needs unaggressive ones. These correlations could result either human preference for particular trait combinations or, more likely, correlated responses personality. Our results suggest existence general pace-of-life syndrome arising coevolution metabolic, life-history traits.