Retinoic acid recapitulates the action of the somites on neural differentiation of the developing caudal neural plate in chick embryo

摘要: During vertebrate neurogenesis, the caudal neural plate (CNP)—consisting of a stem zone— remains open. It adopts with extension body to form developing spinal cord. In caudal-most part zone, cell population has dual neural/mesenchymal fate, depending on whether they move cranial zone or gastrulate underlying presomitic mesoderm. Due FGF signaling in mesoderm, cells residing are proliferative state. When migrate cranially closing tube, differentiate into neurons. Here, exposed retinoic acid (RA), secreted from somites. The aim this study was evaluate RA mimics somite function differentiation CNP culture conditions. explants chick embryos were dissected, cultured and treated RA. untreated considered as control group. Using immunostaining RT-PCR analysis, we examined MAP2 protein expression different genes involved both groups. Upon expansion, CNP-derived expressed protein. assessment showed that also Sox2 Delta1, well Brachyury. Subsequently, induced through upregulation NeuroM downregulation Delta1 progenitor/mesenchymal fate by expressing Sox2, downregulated Brachyury recapitulated neurogenic differentiating neural-like NeuroM.