Electricity and heating system in Kazakhstan: Exploring energy efficiency improvement paths
作者： Yerbol Sarbassov , Aiymgul Kerimray , Diyar Tokmurzin , GianCarlo Tosato , Rocco De Miglio
DOI: 10.1016/J.ENPOL.2013.03.012
关键词:
摘要: Abstract The Kazakh energy system is less efficient than most other national systems. electricity and heat sub-systems account for about one half of the difference between primary supply final consumption. After reviewing technology chains generation, transmission distribution their organisation, this paper presents scenario studies on possible evolutions these to 2030. It describes representation in MARKAL–TIMES-Kazakhstan model, with focus residential commercial sectors, some key input data assumptions. main drivers are need improve efficiency sectors reduce GHG emissions from as a whole. model results point possibility achieving cost effective improvement more 2% per annum it would entail net economic advantage country.
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