Polarization lidar operation for measuring backscatter phase matrices of oriented scatterers

摘要: We describe implementation and demonstration of a polarization technique adapted for lidar to measure all unique elements the volume backscatter phase matrix. This capability allows detection preferential orientation within scattering volume, may improve inversions on oriented ice crystals. The is enabled using Mueller formalism commonly employed in polarimetry, which does not require instrument be preserving. Instead, accuracy measurements are limited by characterization. A high spectral resolution at National Center Atmospheric Research was modified demonstrate this technique. Two observations where tilted off zenith presented. In first case, detects flattened large raindrops along same direction due drag forces from falling. second case an cloud approximately 5 km above base that contains preferentially crystals narrow altitude band.