In vitro approaches to the elucidation of mechanisms of chemical teratogenesis

摘要: This article describes some of the contributions that in vitro methods have made to our progress, albeit slow, toward understanding mechanisms chemical teratogenesis. Emphasis is given painstaking and time consuming nature approaches required elucidate mechanisms. The examples considered are cyclophosphamide, 2-methoxyethanol, retinoids. Some newer take advantage recent advances molecular biology analytical chemistry already been applied studies on teratogenic Prospects for 1990s excellent promise more rapid progress than during past decade unraveling mysteries normal developmental biology. That knowledge turn should be immediately applicable investigations toxicant-induced abnormal development. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.