Ecophysiological aspects of in vitro biotechnological studies using somatic embryogenesis of callus tissue toward protecting forest ecosystems

摘要: This review on current biotechnological methods in forestry for vitro tissue cultures to define the effect of stress conditions trees, concentrates somatic embryogenesis. Callus tissue, key product embryogenesis, grows over a tree wound under ex conditions. can be used research areas such as pathogenic susceptibility at embryonic level, heavy metals, influence low temperatures (cryopreservation), production secondary metabolites and transformation plants. arborescent plants induced by fungal elicitors produce pharmaceutical cosmetic industries are strongly repellant herbivores thus act protect forests. Analyses dual demonstrated that callus exposed fungus responds synthesizing low-molecular-mass proteins belonging an immune protein class. Cryopreservation also has broad applications, e.g., valuable plant genotypes gene banks. Without strategies forests against factors, forest ecosystems will degrade detriment all life, including humans. In using contributes progress disciplines ecology, physiology, phytopathology, culture selection