Effects of medicinal plant extracts on gluconeogenesis

摘要: Correspondence: Adolfo Andrade-Cetto Laboratorio de Etnofarmacologia, Departamento Biologia Celular, Facultad Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autonoma Mexico, Coyoacan 04510, D.F. Mexico Email aac@ciencias.unam.mx Abstract: On a global level, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most common endocrine disorder. T2DM defined as an elevated blood glucose level associated with absence of or inadequacy in pancreatic insulin secretion. The liver plays key role maintaining levels during fasting by synthesizing glucose, mainly from lactate and amino acids through process called gluconeogenesis. Because hepatic production increased at least twofold patients T2DM, targeting this pathway may lead to reduction these patients. Botanical agents show promise for development new compounds treat T2DM. Important mechanisms action function via inhibition gluconeogenesis can occur one five ways: direct enzyme inhibition; downregulation mRNA fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase glucose-6-phosphatase (G-6-P); activation AMP-activated protein kinase, which leads decreased cAMP response elementbinding protein, transcription factor gluconeogenic phosphorylation; expression glucokinase gene, stimulates activity inhibits G-6-P; phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, decreases enzymatically G-6-P fructose-1,6-diphosphatase.