Effects of Protein Versus Carbohydrate Supplementation on Markers of Immune Response in Master Triathletes: A Randomized Controlled Trial

摘要: Objective: This study examines the long-term effects of ingesting hydrolyzed beef protein versus carbohydrate on indirect markers immunity during 10 weeks endurance training in master-aged triathletes (n = 16, age 35–60 years). Methods: Participants were randomly assigned to either a (PRO, n = 8) or nonprotein isoenergetic (CHO, condition, which consisted 20 g each supplement, mixed with water, once day immediately post workout, before breakfast nontraining days. Salivary human neutrophil peptides (HNP1–3) measured and after performing an incremental test volitional exhaustion at both pre intervention. Additionally, baseline levels platelets, neutrophils, eosinophil basophils, monocytes, lymphocytes determined intervention. Results: No significant changes concentration secretion rate salivary HNP1–3 observed for treatment. The CHO group showed nonsignificant decrease resting concentrations following intervention (p = 0.052, effect size d = 0.53). Protein supplementation demonstrated reduction lymphocyte counts (mean [SD]: 2.30 [0.57] vs. 1.93 [0.45] 103/mm3, p = 0.046, d = 0.77), along moderate but not statistically increase (d = 0.75, p = 0.051) neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. Conclusions: In triathletes, postworkout ingestion only protein, no carbohydrate, may be as effective alone attenuate negative some cellular immunological markers. Future studies should consider co-ingestion macronutrients.