SENCAR Mouse-Skin Tumorigenesis Model

摘要: Over the past few decades, mouse has been established as primary organism used to investigate fundamental mechanisms of skin carcinogenesis and model human neoplasia. Skin is most important protective barrier against harmful lethal carcinogenic effects physical (e.g., ultraviolet (UV) radiation), chemical polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)), biological oncogenic viruses) environmental factors. Carcinogenesis demonstrated by experimental epidemiologic studies be a multifactorial, multigenic, multiphasic process composed three major sequential stages: initiation, promotion, progression (1). A single exposure agent such 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA), benzo(a)pyrene B(a)P epidermal cells may result in small subset initiating carrying irreversible mutations critical gene(s) proto-oncogenes tumor-suppressor genes, which control normal cellular growth differentiation (2). In promotion stage, repeated applications promoters phorbol esters that are generally nonmutagenic bring about many epigenetic alterations initiated cells, facilitating clonal expansion an phenotype leading formation benign tumors or papillomas. The early stage reversible, but late represents phases (3). papillomas acquire additional aberrant genetic changes, develop into rapidly growing invasive lesion known carcinoma. Because increasing trend incidence cancer, laboratories have involved developing suitable understand tumorigenic factors cellular, biochemical, molecular tumorigenesis.