Elephant herbivory, frost damage and topkill in Kalahari sand woodland savanna trees

摘要: Abstract Questions: Which factors best predict the probability of elephant and frost damage in Kalahari sand woodland savanna? What is association between tree mortality disturbance regime? Location: Western Zimbabwe. Methods: Elephant damage, topkill, whole-plant were quantified ten common species a savanna Individual trees tagged 20 plots monitored over two-year period. A model selection approach was used to test size, prior neighbourhood effects, investigate effect on mortality. Results: differed strongly among species, not influenced by effects or disturbance. Frost also varied across declined as function stem size cover, – against expectations Topkill increased but l...