Conformal Flight Path Symbology for Head-Up Displays: Defining the Distribution of Visual Attention in Three-Dimensional Space

摘要: An extensive investigation of the format for head-up display (HUD) instrumentation was conducted in a two-part experiment. First, pilot’s information requirements tasks approach, landing, and taxi were determined through survey administered to professional commercial pilots via world wide web. The results applied development two symbology sets, one set flight navigation second ground navigation. Second, twenty from University Illinois at Urbana-Champaign recruited participate 3-day study designed investigate on HUDs performance effects using conformal partially support pilots’ tasks. In addition, different methods investigated supporting transition between task flying landing. A seamless used visual momentum techniques smoothly guide cognitive serial displays associated seamed approach employed an abrupt change alert switch. indicate that incorporating virtually conformal, tunnel-in-the-sky into complete HUD offers promising pilot effects. Pilots easily navigated complex curved approaches with little no deviation path (approximately 10 feet), while performing secondary scanning their instruments environment. offered preview upcoming landing task, thereby preparing them On ground, perspective (scene-linked) supported equal efficiency plan view but much greater precision. Theories allocation attention interpret experimental findings. Attention found be more widely distributed X-Y space when as compared ILS set. There evidence air-based divided three-dimensional space. ground-based scene-linked (truly conformal) indicated dividing depth without negative consequences processing near domain symbology. Event expectancy modulate detection events both phenomenon known tunneling is discussed possible cause inadequate response times resolving anomalous events.