Roles of metabotropic glutamate receptors in brain plasticity and pathology.

摘要: In summary, the mGluRs are a large family of receptor subtypes with diverse properties in terms transduction coupling, pharmacology, and anatomical distribution. Many divergent studies have demonstrated that activation these receptors can result either neuroprotection or neuropathology. We hypothesized astrocytes may role determining response following administration mGluR agonists vivo, we defined suitable vitro model for study receptors. The experimental plasticity astrocyte culture represent more general principle conditions microenvironment differentially alter subtype expression as part development, functional specialization, pathology. This regulation provides system studying effects specific growth factors, neurotrophins, cytokines, other substances released by neurons glia act both autocrine paracrine fashions. Alteration ratios such variables could then modify future signaling neuroglial interactions, form conditioning astrocytic would physiological output glutamate release. One measure value this will be its usefulness stimulating generation hypotheses tested vivo. For example, morphology when cultured medium has similarities to undergoing reactive gliosis pathological states. It is also interesting note treatments been reported increase excitatory amino acid-stimulated PI hydrolysis ex vivo brain slices (lesions, ischemia, kindling) accompanied gliosis. Those findings combined present results lead us speculate mGluR5 altered during If so, it important examine consequences change regard injury maintaining balance between transmission excitotoxicity.