TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL ASPECTS OF PREDATOR-PREY DYNAMICS

摘要: 3 Centre d 鈂etudes nordiques, Universite Laval, Sainte-Foy, PQ, Canada G1K 7P4 ABSTRACT: Ungulates are both major consumers of vegetation and themselves consumed by carnivores, so food web dynamics, top-down (predation) bottom-up (food weather effects), prominent in theoretical applied research involving ungulates. The long generation time ungulates induces lags population responses. Over broad geographic regions, commonly achieve high density only when predation is relatively low (< 2 species predator), suggesting that provides a pervasive limitation large herbivores. Ungulate stability fundamentally trophic-dynamics issue, usually mix influences. Isle Royale case history, spanning 4 decades, reveals wolf-moose system fluctuating at 2-decade intervals with significant predation, food, effects on After century, an equilibrium between moose forest has not yet been reached, historical context seems necessary to understand trophic relationships. Components compared spatial scales reveal different predator-prey patterns than the single Royale, analyses substitution space for also run counter studies systems. Choice temporal field meta-analyses appear have strong bearing results their interpretation. Thus enter influentially actual dynamics carnivore-ungulate interaction as well problematically our them. ALCES VOL. 39: 215-232 (2003)