The politics of liberalisation: Privatisation and regulation-for-competition in Europe's and Latin America's telecoms and electricity industries

摘要: .  This article sheds some light on the interaction between politics and learning in diffusion of liberalisation. It does so by specifying conditions ways which interact thus sustain cross-national cross-sectoral variations spread The process liberalisation is analysed against data from 32 European Latin American countries two sectors. indicators employed cover issue privatisation as well regulatory reform. An analytical framework presented that, for first time, allows a systematic quantitative examination contrasting predictions Policy Sector Approach (PSA) National Patterns (NPA). Four different combinations similarities across sectors nations are identified explained. These explanations grounded actor-centred historical institutionalism. empirical evidence points to failure America become ‘European’ despite appearance sweeping comprehensive In addition, demonstrates how rational actors act institutional environments while accommodating their advantage, actions constrained legacies state formation varied levels risks rewards inherent