摘要: The mammalian female exhibits a number of complex behaviors during pregnancy, parturition, and lactation that summate to ensure the survival her young. have been selected for study traditionally those exhibited by adult toward literature concerning psychobiology nursing, retrieving, other pup-directed maternal activities is characterized an impressive accumulation research findings theoretical principles (see Rosenblatt Seigel, this volume). However, less frequently studied dimension care dramatic change in social behavior occurs with pregnancy subsequently parturition lactation. Instead displaying passivity conspecifics, pregnant lactating mammal intense aggressive behavior, referred as aggression. This most likely serves protect young but also may be involved regulation organization population dynamics. We will speculate on both these functions later chapter.