Failure of temporal selectivity: Electrophysiological evidence for (mis)selection of distractors during the attentional blink

摘要: AbstractThe attentional blink (AB) refers to the impairment in accurate report of a second target (T2) when presented shortlyafter first (T1) rapid serial visual presentation distractors. The goal present study was todetermine whether AB is caused by failure early selection processes, which leads andconsolidation wrong item working memory, measuring frequency-related P3 T2 and T211.During AB, an attenuation observed, as well increase amplitude toT211. Whereas observed only correctly reported, T211 onlyin trials where incorrectly its correlated individual differences misselectionrate. These results support claim that temporal underlies AB.Descriptors: Attentional blink, Misselection, Dual-task interference, Human electrophysiology, P3When interacting with environment, organism constantlybombarded ever-changing perceptual inputs from different sour-ces. limited nature our cognitive system makes it impossibleto process all these stimuli extensively, leaving many at door-step consciousness. For goal-directed behavior be successfulin such overwhelming mustrely on mechanisms filter flow information inorder prioritize processing task-relevant events expenseof task-irrelevant events. However, failures ability processmultiple occurring closely time suggest thetemporal efficiency selective attention vulnerable taskdemand (see, e.g., Shapiro, 2001). In order investigate sourceof fundamental limitations selection, studyaims use ERPs directly track items are selected for fur-ther within paradigm, dual-task paradigm has been used extensively human (for recentreviews, see Dux & Marois, 2009; Martens Wyble, 2010).The ABThe conventional task requires report, without speedpressure, identity two targets embedded vis-ual (RSVP) stream distractors (Raymond, Shapiro,& Arnell, 1992). deficit difficulty accu-rately reporting withinapproximately half after (T1). Whereasmost theories agree second-target reflectsimpairment while attentionalresources committed T1 (but Olivers M Taatgen, Juvina, Schipper, Borst, Martens, 2009),there no consensus among researchers regarding exact natureof underlying limitation. One importantongoing debate capacity limitationsin consolidation into memory or rather fromfailures consolidated.Capacity limits short-term consolidation. Several theoriesclaim consequence thestage (WM: Chun P Dehaene, Sergent, Changeux, 2003; Jolicœur,1998; Potter, Staub, O’Connor, 2002; Ward, Duncan, Shapiro,1996). often adhere two-stage structure infor-mation proposed model (Chun &Potter, 1995). this influent model, theconsequence capacity-limited stage processing,which allows were detected arapid unlimited stage. Stage 1 representations