Marker-assisted selection for disease resistance in wheat and barley breeding.

摘要: Marker-assisted selection (MAS) provides opportunities for enhancing the response from because molecular markers can be applied at seedling stage, with high precision and reductions in cost. About each of 50 genes conferring monogenic resistances hundreds quantitative trait loci (QTL) disease have been reported wheat barley. For detecting single-major gene resistance, MAS could easily applied, but is often not necessary are selected phenotypically. In resistances, would very useful, individual QTL small effects. Additionally, only a few durable effects successfully transferred into elite breeding material. Further economic biological constraints, e.g., low return investment small-grain cereal breeding, lack diagnostic markers, prevalence QTL-background effects, hinder broad implementation MAS. Examples which has to practical rust resistance Lr34 Yr36, eyespot Pch1, recessive rym4/rym5 barley yellow mosaic viruses, mlo powdery mildew, two Fusarium head blight (Fhb1 Qfhs.ifa-5A). Newly identified broad-spectrum genes/QTL multiple taxa pathogens offer additional perspectives future, chip-based, high-throughput genotyping platforms introduction genomic will reduce current problems integrating programs open new avenues molecular-based breeding.