New observational constraints for atmospheric hydroxyl on global and hemispheric scales
作者： SA Montzka , CM Spivakovsky , JH Butler , JW Elkins , LT Lock
DOI: 10.1126/SCIENCE.288.5465.500
关键词:
摘要: Dramatic declines in emissions of methyl chloroform (1,1, 1-trichloroethane) resulting from the Montreal Protocol provide an unprecedented opportunity to improve our understanding oxidizing power Earth's atmosphere. Atmospheric observations this industrial gas during late 1990s yield new insights into global burden and distribution hydroxyl radical. Our results set firm upper limits on Southern Hemispheric lifetimes confirm predominance tropics. analysis suggests a lifetime for 5.2 (+0.2, -0.3) years, 4.9 mean annual concentrations OH that are 15 +/- 10% higher south intertropical convergence zone than those north natural mixing boundary between hemispheres.
sciencemag.org
harvard.edu参考文章(20)
S. A. Montzka, J. H. Butler, J.W. Elkins, T. M. Thompson, A. D. Clarke, L. T. Lock, Present and future trends in the atmospheric burden of ozone-depleting halogens Nature. ,vol. 398, pp. 690- 694 ,(1999) , 10.1038/19499
James H. Butler, James W. Elkins, Thayne M. Thompson, Brad D. Hall, Thomas H. Swanson, Valentin Koropalov, Oceanic consumption of CH3CCl3: Implications for tropospheric OH Journal of Geophysical Research. ,vol. 96, pp. 22347- 22355 ,(1991) , 10.1029/91JD02126
R. Prinn, D. Cunnold, P. Simmonds, F. Alyea, R. Boldi, A. Crawford, P. Fraser, D. Gutzler, D. Hartley, R. Rosen, R. Rasmussen, Global average concentration and trend for hydroxyl radicals deduced from ALE/GAGE trichloroethane (methyl chloroform) data for 1978–1990 Journal of Geophysical Research. ,vol. 97, pp. 2445- 2461 ,(1992) , 10.1029/91JD02755
H. Levy, Normal atmosphere: large radical and formaldehyde concentrations predicted. Science. ,vol. 173, pp. 141- 143 ,(1971) , 10.1126/SCIENCE.173.3992.141
J. E. LOVELOCK, Methyl chloroform in the troposphere as an indicator of OH radical abundance Nature. ,vol. 267, pp. 32- 32 ,(1977) , 10.1038/267032A0
X. Tie, C.-Y. Kao, E. J. Mroz, R. J. Cicerone, F. N. Alyea, D. M. Cunnold, Three‐dimensional simulations of atmospheric methyl chloroform: Effect of an ocean sink Journal of Geophysical Research. ,vol. 97, pp. 20751- 20769 ,(1992) , 10.1029/92JD02085
B. R. Miller, J. Huang, R. F. Weiss, R. G. Prinn, P. J. Fraser, Atmospheric trend and lifetime of chlorodifluoromethane (HCFC‐22) and the global tropospheric OH concentration Journal of Geophysical Research. ,vol. 103, pp. 13237- 13248 ,(1998) , 10.1029/98JD00771
Mohan L. Gupta, Ralph J. Cicerone, Donald R. Blake, F. Sherwood Rowland, Ivar S. A. Isaksen, Global atmospheric distributions and source strengths of light hydrocarbons and tetrachloroethene Journal of Geophysical Research. ,vol. 103, pp. 28219- 28235 ,(1998) , 10.1029/98JD02645
Sander Houweling, Frank Dentener, Jos Lelieveld, The impact of nonmethane hydrocarbon compounds on tropospheric photochemistry Journal of Geophysical Research. ,vol. 103, pp. 10673- 10696 ,(1998) , 10.1029/97JD03582
S. A. Montzka, J. H. Butler, R. C. Myers, T. M. Thompson, T. H. Swanson, A. D. Clarke, L. T. Lock, J. W. Elkins, Decline in the Tropospheric Abundance of Halogen from Halocarbons: Implications for Stratospheric Ozone Depletion Science. ,vol. 272, pp. 1318- 1322 ,(1996) , 10.1126/SCIENCE.272.5266.1318