Pressure and Expertise: Explaining the Information Supply of Interest Groups in EU Legislative Lobbying†

摘要: EU politics has long been portrayed as an elite affair in which technocratic deliberation prevails. As a consequence, information supply by interest groups typically viewed part of expertise-based exchange with policy-makers. Less attention devoted to whether the is also used exert political pressure. In addition exchanges between and policy-makers, can we identify prevalence that aims put pressure on policy-makers? And under what conditions are different modes likely occur? My analysis relies interviews 143 lobbyists who were active set 78 legislative proposals submitted European Commission 2008 2010. The results demonstrate dominant interactions civil servants, while predominantly communicated officials often key substance outside lobbying tactics.