A comprehensive response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Jamaica: a review of the past 20 years.

摘要: Jamaica has a well-established, comprehensive National Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) programme that slowed the HIV epidemic and mitigated its impact. Adult prevalence been stable at approximately 1.5% since 1996. rates are high among those most risk such as sex-workers (9%) men who have sex with [MSM] (31.8%). Risk behaviour adults AIDS includes multiple sexual partners (80%), history of sexually transmitted infection [STI] (51.1%), commercial (23.9%) crack/cocaine (8.0%). Approximately 20% all reported cases, mainly women, give no any usual factors for infection. The national is based in Ministry Health. Since 1988, had plan to guide response. A Committee was established 1988 lead multi-sectoral Prevention approaches included information, education communication campaigns, condom promotion, infections (STI) control, targeted interventions, cultural approaches, outreach peer education, workplace programmes counselling testing. Concerted efforts made reduce stigma discrimination. Antiretroviral therapy (ARV) introduced prevention mother-to-child transmission 2001 public access treatment 2004. HIV/AIDS Policy adopted unanimously parliament 2005. Strategic 2007-2012 commits achieving universal HIVprevention, care. Awareness how prevent it near though belief myths remains strong. market increased from 2.5 million 1985 12 2006 while use grown significantly nearly 75% 65% women reporting last non-regular partner proportion 15-24 years ever having test 29.8% 2004 48.9% 2008. declined 25% prior 2000 less than 8% 2007. As September 2008, 4450 persons or an estimated 68.5% advanced placed on ARV resulting significant decline mortality morbidity due