Representing Equilibrium and Nonequilibrium Convection in Large-Scale Models

摘要: A new diagnostic convective closure, which is dependent on available potential energy (CAPE), derived under the quasi-equilibrium assumption for free troposphere subject to boundary layer forcing. The closure involves a adjustment time scale and coupling coefficient between based different scales over land ocean. Earlier studies with ECMWF Integrated Forecasting System (IFS) have already demonstrated model's ability realistically represent tropical convectively coupled waves synoptic variability use of "standard" CAPE given realistic entrainment rates. comparison low-resolution seasonal integrations high-resolution short-range forecasts against complementary satellite radar data shows that extended it also possible, independent model resolution step, nonequilibrium convection such as diurnal cycle tied advective layers, although representing late night remains challenge. more in-depth regional analysis provided continental United States particularly Africa, including from satellites cloud-resolving (CRM). Consequences global numerical weather prediction (NWP) are not only better phase representation convection, but its spatial distribution local intensity.