Principles and practice of calibration and validation of mathematical models for the interpretation of environmental tracer data in aquifers

摘要: Abstract Calibration and validation processes of mathematical models applied to environmental tracer dating groundwater are discussed their importance exemplified by a number case studies. The calibration procedures shown be often ambiguous due the scarcity data, approximate nature models, interplay fitting parameters when is too large. A unique necessary condition, though not sufficient, for validation. satisfactory agreement values obtained with those known from independent methods may regarded as an indirect Direct or usually obtainable only respect some quantities in such cases it should partial Very unavailable, and, consequently, model its questionable, but still can serve starting points further Case studies demonstrate that sometimes several properly calibrated partly validated based on different conceptual used. In flow pattern hydrochemistry remains unidentified.