Radiation-Induced Strand Breaks in DNA: Chemical and Enzymatic Analysis of End Groups and Mechanistic Aspects

摘要: Publisher Summary This chapter reviews the results of chemical and enzymatic analyses radiation-induced strand breaks together that allows proposing a detailed mechanism DNA break formation by ionizing radiation. Chemical analysis enables one to describe reactions, final structure sugar moiety determines biochemical reactivity end groups on 3’ or 5’ terminal break. Enzymatic methods may be more sensitive than analysis, but it has become evident both approaches are necessary for an understanding mechanisms breakage in DNA. Exposure radiation produces interruption nucleotide can considered as important lesion responsible inactivation biological function The describes experimental work leads knowledge their formation. application different techniques such pulse radiolysis, ESR spectroscopy, product laboratory, sedimentation another laboratory lead comparable conclusions. frequency under various conditions aqueous solution, dry DNA, cells. presence intact hydroxyl phosphate demonstrated variety enzymes each which reacts specifically with certain group terminal. also details specificity these respect breaks.